목차 일부
INTRODUCTION = 1
CHAPTER 1. MAKING ENVIRONMENTAL LAW IN THE EUROPEAN UNION = 5
1. A Community or a Union? = 5
2. Principles and Values = 9
2.1. General Principles and Values = 9
2.2. Envir...
목차 전체
INTRODUCTION = 1
CHAPTER 1. MAKING ENVIRONMENTAL LAW IN THE EUROPEAN UNION = 5
1. A Community or a Union? = 5
2. Principles and Values = 9
2.1. General Principles and Values = 9
2.2. Environmental Principles and Values = 16
3. Institutions = 27
3.1. Commission = 28
3.2. Council of Ministers = 30
3.3. Parliament = 33
3.4. European Council = 36
3.5. Court of Justice and Court of First Instance = 36
3.6. Other Institutions and Agencies = 39
4. The Legislative Process = 41
4.1. Sources of Community Law = 41
4.2. Making a Proposal = 42
4.3. The Workings of the Council = 44
4.4. Interplay of Parliament and Council = 45
4.5. Legitimacy of the Legislative Process = 48
5. Enforcement = 55 6. Evolution and Future Direction = 58
CHAPTER 2. A FEDERAL ENVIRONMENTAL LAW FOR EUROPE = 61
1. A Framework for EC Environmental Law = 61
2. EC Environmental Law as Public Law = 63
2.1. Evolutionary Incentive = 63
2.2. Environmental Issues as Management Issues = 64
2.3. Environmental Issues as Process Issues = 67
2.3.1. Culmination of Proceduralization = 67
2.3.2. Institutionalization of Differentiation = 72
2.3.3. Controlled Differentiation = 74
2.4. Organization and Administrative Structure = 75
2.5. Institutionalized Public Participation = 78
3. EC Environmental Law as International Law = 81
4. EC Law as a Synthesis Between Public Law and International Law = 84
5. The Normative Development of EC Environmental Law = 87
5.1. Bureaucratization = 88
5.2. Internationalism and Environmentalism = 91
CHAPTER 3. HORIZONTAL LEGISLATION = 95
1. Strategic and Planning Instruments = 97
1.1. Environmental Action Programs = 98
1.2. EIA and SEA = 100
2. Voluntaristic Instruments = 105
2.1. Eco-management and Audit Scheme = 105
2.2. Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control = 109
2.3. Environmental Agreements = 112
3. Information Instruments = 112
3.1. Access to Information and Justice and Right to Participation = 112
3.2. Eco-labeling = 121
4. Market-based Instruments = 123
4.1. Climate Change and Tradable Allowances = 125
4.2. Climate Change and Eco-taxes = 126
5. Conclusion = 127
CHAPTER 4. REGULATING AIR POLLUTION = 129
1. Air Pollution in Europe: the Facts = 129
2. Policies and Rules for Clean Air = 131
2.1. The Legislative Approach of 1970s and 1980s = 134
2.1.1. The 1970s Approach and its Evolution: A Source Approach = 134
2.1.2. The 1980s Approach: Emission Standards and Limit Values = 139
2.2. The 1990s Approach: A Process Approach = 143
2.2.1. The Air Framework Directive as a Methodological Directive = 144
2.2.2. Differentiation and the NECs Directive = 148
2.2.3. The Daughter Directives = 149
3. International Instruments: the CLRTAP Regime = 153
3.1. The Sulfur Protocols = 155
3.2. The Nitrogen Oxide Protocol = 157
3.3. The VOCs, Heavy Metals and POPs Protocols = 158
3.4. Towards Integrated Protocols = 161
4. Conclusion = 162
CHAPTER 5. REGULATING WATER POLLUTION = 163
1. Water Pollution: the Facts = 163
2. Water Protection Legislation = 164
2.1. The Legislative Approach of the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s = 166
2.1.1. The 1970s: From Medium to Substance = 166
2.1.2. The 1980s: Detailed Regulation of Substances = 173
2.1.3. The 1990s: Focus on Substances and Sources = 175
2.2. The Water Framework Directive = 178
2.2.1. Negotiating History = 179
2.2.2. Purpose = 180
2.2.3. Organization = 182
2.2.4. Classification of Waters = 184
2.2.5. Regulation of Hazardous Substances = 187
2.2.6. Monitoring = 189
2.2.7. Public Participation = 190
2.2.8. Timetable and Derogations = 191
2.2.9. Overall Appraisal = 194
3. International Water Protection Regimes = 197
3.1. Protection of Rivers: Rhine and Danube = 197
3.2. Protection of Seas and ICZM = 201
3.2.1. The OSPAR Regime = 204
3.2.2. The HELCOM Regime = 207
3.2.3. The MAP Regime = 208
3.3. Comparisons = 211
4. Conclusion = 214
CHAPTER 6. REGULATING WASTE POLLUTION = 217
1. Waste Management: the Facts= 217
2. Hazardous Waste Management: a Comprehensive System = 218
2.1. A Framework for Managing Wastes = 220
2.2. Incineration and Landfill Legislation = 224
2.3. Special Wastes = 227
2.4. Packaging Waste = 231
3. Radioactive Waste Management = 232
4. Cross-border Waste Movements: a Fragmented Process = 234
4.1. The International Regime for Waste Transfers = 234
4.2. Waste Trade versus Environmental Protection = 238
4.3. EC Regulation on Transboundary Waste Movements = 244
4.3.1. Intra-Community Trade = 245
4.3.2. Waste Exports = 249
4.3.3. Waste Imports = 251
4.3.4. Common Provisions = 252
4.3.5. Recent Developments = 253
5. Cross-border Movements of Radioactive Waste = 254
6. Conclusion = 257
CHAPTER 7. REGULATING BIODIVERSITY = 261
1. Biodiversity Protection: Facts and Methods = 261
1.1. Nature Reserves = 262
1.2. Restoration = 265
1.3. Gene Banks = 266
2. Biodiversity Policies = 271
2.1. Regulation of Habitats and Species= 272
2.2. Policies and Strategies for Forest Protection = 276
2.3. Strategies for the Protection of Biodiversity = 278
3. The International Regulation of Biodiversity = 279
3.1. Convention on Biological Diversity = 280
3.2. Conventions on Species and Habitats = 287
3.3. Trade in Species and the CITES Convention = 294
3.4. Pan-European Biodiversity Strategy = 297
4. Conclusion = 299
CONCLUSION = 301
INDEX = 303
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