[IOM] COVID-19와 이주인권
2020-09-21조회 160
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1. COVID-19 and women migrant workers: Impacts and Implications / 2020 / 30 pages / ISBN 978-92-9068-854-9 / English
Authored by Laura Foley and Nicola Piper, this paper explores the impacts and implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on women migrant workers. It examines how the global health crisis has both amplified existing gender dynamics and created new gender-biased outcomes that disproportionately impact upon women migrant workers. The study investigates the health, social and domestic care services that women migrant workers provide and considered “essential” during the pandemic, and contrasts this with migrant workers’ exclusion from key services and support, before concluding with some recommendations.
2. COVID-19 impacts on the labour migration and mobility of young women and girls in South-East Asia and the Pacific / 2020 / 26 pages / E-ISBN 978-92-9068-856-3 / English
Authored by Marika McAdam, this paper explores the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on labour migration and mobility of young women and girls in South-East Asia and the Pacific. Building on the research report “Supporting Brighter Futures: Young Women and Girls and Labour Migration in South-East Asia and the Pacific” published by IOM in 2019, the paper offers speculative reflections on some policy implications that the shifts induced by the COVID-19 pandemic may have had on the overarching and interrelated economic, social, cultural and structural findings of the report, as well as the gender dimensions at play in South-East Asia and the Pacific.
3. Covid-19 and the transformation of migration and mobility globally : Why COVID-19 does not necessarily mean that attitudes towards immigration will become more negative / 2020 / 8 pages / English
In this paper, James Dennison and Andrew Geddes consider how the COVID-19 crisis will impact attitudes towards immigration in Europe. They argue that there is little evidence that the pandemic will undermine or reverse the “long-term trend” towards more positive sentiments about immigration and that it will lead to a decline in its salience. Their focus on Europe owes to the fact that developments there provide a powerful test of attitudes towards immigration in the context of the current crisis.
4. Covid-19 and the transformation of migration and mobility globally : Quarantined! Xenophobia and migrant workers during the COVID-19 pandemic / 2020 / 12 pages / English
In this paper, Jenna Hennebry and Hari KC examine the increase in xenophobia that migrant workers have faced since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic – from physical and verbal abuse to social exclusion and discriminatory quarantine practices. After detailing how xenophobia has exacerbated migrant workers’ pre-existing precarities, the paper proposes a range of recommendations to enable governments to address the issue. Finally, a number of best practices from around the world are outlined.
5. Covid-19 and the transformation of migration and mobility globally : Shifting forms of mobility related to COVID-19 / 2020 / 12 pages / English
In this paper, Susan Martin and Jonas Bergmann examine the wide-ranging impact that the COVID-19 pandemic has had upon human mobility. Considering four types of mobility, defined by the aspirations and capabilities driving them, they outline the various pathways through which the pandemic has reduced mobility, as well as how patterns of internal mobility have shifted. Finally, the paper discusses two international frameworks which provide the context in which mobility restrictions are enacted.
6. Covid-19 and the transformation of migration and mobility globally : “Disposable” and “essential”: Changes in the global hierarchies of migrant workers after COVID-19 / 2020 / 13 pages / English
In this paper, Anna Triandafyllidou and Lucia Nalbandian explore how the pandemic has inverted previous hierarchies of more and less desired migrant workers. The paper considers two groups of migrant workers – previously in-demand high-skilled migrant workers and low-skilled temporary migrant workers in sectors now deemed essential – and asks two key questions: 1.) what are innovative ways to neutralize the impact of border closures for highly skilled migrants, and 2.) how can we learn from the pandemic and improve the way that migrant recruitment and employment in agriculture is governed?
7. Covid-19 and the transformation of migration and mobility globally : COVID-19 and systemic resilience: What role for migrant workers? / 2020 / 12 pages / English
With the restrictions on movement imposed by governments leading to severe labour market shocks and reductions in labour supply, one of the central policy challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic has been how to protect and maintain essential economic activities and public services. In this paper, Bridget Anderson, Friedrich Poeschel and Martin Ruhs argue that concern for the resilience of essential services should drive a rethink of how the impacts of migrant workers are assessed and how labour migration and related public policies are designed. They integrate key insights from research on the role of migrant workers in addressing labour and skills shortages and the resilience of systems to suggest how considerations of systemic resilience can be built into analyses and policy debates about the effects and regulation of labour migration.
8. Covid-19 and the transformation of migration and mobility globally : Upscaling migrant sanctuary and solidarity policies and practices in times of COVID-19 / 2020 / 10 pages / English
For vulnerable migrants living in cities, the COVID-19 pandemic has created both new challenges and new opportunities. Authored by Harald Bauder and Margaret Godoy, this paper explores how policies and practices from so-called sanctuary and solidarity cities – which have long sought to protect such migrants and treat them as full members of their communities – can provide a blueprint for regional and national policies, addressing the structural issues that contribute to migrant vulnerabilities on a global scale. They first outline urban responses to protect vulnerable migrants – especially those with irregular status – before highlighting policy innovations that emulate urban sanctuary and solidarity policies and practices.
9. Covid-19 and the transformation of migration and mobility globally : Time for a re-set: Implications for child migration policies arising from COVID-19 / 2020 / 13 pages / English
Although children are less at risk of COVID-19 infection, millions of children – including migrant children – are nevertheless at heightened risk from the pandemic because of their precarious status. Authored by Jacqueline Bhabha, this paper uses available data sources, including crowd-sourced mobility data, media reports and anecdotal accounts, to conduct an initial assessment of the pandemic’s impact on vulnerable migrant children and outline a number of policies that have been enacted to attenuate this vulnerability.
10. Covid-19 and the transformation of migration and mobility globally : COVID-19 and women migrant workers: Impacts and implications / 2020 / 18 pages / English
Authored by Laura Foley and Nicola Piper, this paper explores the impacts and implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on women migrant workers. It examines how the global health crisis has both amplified existing gender dynamics and created new gender-biased outcomes that disproportionately impact upon women migrant workers. The study investigates the health, social and domestic care services that women migrant workers provide and which are considered “essential” during the pandemic, and contrasts this with migrant workers’ exclusion from key services and supports, before concluding with some recommendations.
11. MRS No. 64 – Immobility as the ultimate “migration disrupter”
An initial analysis of COVID-19 impacts through the prism of securitization / 2020 / 16 pages / E-ISBN 978-92-9068-867-9 / English
In this Migration Research Series paper, Marie McAuliffe examines the widespread and unprecedented imposition of movement restrictions by governments in an attempt to limit COVID-19 transmission and infection, with particular reference to the ongoing securitization of migration. In the current context of growing misinformation, increasing unilateral “strongman” politics, and massive technological change, she offers an initial reflection as to whether extraordinary measures are likely to become ordinary, and the implications for human rights and mobility, before then discussing the need to re-think and de-link migration and mobility with reference to the opportunities and challenges presented by COVID-19.
12. Covid-19 and the transformation of migration and mobility globally : COVID-19 and human rights of migrants: More protection for the benefit of all / 2020 / 11 pages / English
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted that public health and the protection of migrants are not mutually exclusive, but instead must be integrated. Authored by Vincent Chetail, this paper advances three key reasons why it is vital to reconcile the two. First, by both exacerbating and producing new vulnerabilities, the health crisis risks creating a migration crisis. Second, the human rights of migrants, as grounded in international law, provide a flexible toolbox to address their need for protection while facing the current health emergency. Third, integrating health and protection considerations is an opportunity to rethink immigration policies through innovative solutions that give due respect to human rights.
13. Covid-19 and the transformation of migration and mobility globally : Temporary migration regimes and their sustainability in times of COVID-19 / 2020 / 10 pages / English
The widespread imposition of mobility restrictions by governments to slow to the spread of COVID-19 has exacerbated the vulnerability of migrant workers who move as part of temporary labour migration schemes. In this paper, Brenda Yeoh reviews a range of short-term policy measures which have been enacted both to ameliorate these vulnerabilities and to uphold the temporary migration regime. She then proposes that the pandemic highlights the need to rethink such temporary migration schemes in the post-COVID-19 world.
14. Covid-19 and the transformation of migration and mobility globally : COVID-19 and rethinking the need for legal pathways to mobility: Taking human security seriously
In this paper, Luisa Feline Freier proposes that the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need of a shift towards including public health considerations from a human security perspective when considering the need for legal pathways to migration and migrant regularization. She first outlines why there is an urgent need for regularization in the context of both migrant health and public health more broadly, before then detailing a number of positive examples of states taking a creative approach to migrant regularization in the context of the pandemic.
15. Covid-19 and the transformation of migration and mobility globally : Stranded irregular migrant workers during COVID-19 Crisis: The question of repatriation / 2020 / 9 pages / English
Authored by Ahmet İçduygu, this paper discusses the social, economic and health consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, with particular reference to repatriation. While returning home represents a viable option of protection from COVID-19 health risks for most individuals on the move, for irregular migrants this decision is far more complex. The paper focuses on three key questions: 1. How do stranded irregular migrant workers experience insecurities and uncertainties surrounding their lives during the COVID-19 crisis? 2. How and why do irregular migrants struggle with the repatriation process? 3. How can repatriation processes be improved through multi-level cooperation for global migration governance?
16. Covid-19 and the transformation of migration and mobility globally : Migration and mobility after the 2020 pandemic: The end of an age? / 2020 / 14 pages / English
The period since World War II has been characterized by increasingly extensive and complex global population movements. Yet this international mobility has been brought to an almost complete standstill by the COVID-19 pandemic, as states have imposed restrictions on movement in order to slow the spread of the virus. In this paper, Alan Gamlen asks if the COVID-19 pandemic will bring about the end of the “age of migration” and poses ten key questions to guide future migration and mobility research.
17. Deeper international cooperation on COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control measures in the field of migration administration, with reference to the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration / 2020 / 9 pages / English
In this paper, Guofu Liu highlights the central role of international cooperation in the field of migration to fight the COVID-19 pandemic. After presenting the main challenges raised by the pandemic for international cooperation on migration, the paper explores good practices in this area. It concludes with proposals for deeper international cooperation on COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control, with a particular focus on the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration.
Authored by Laura Foley and Nicola Piper, this paper explores the impacts and implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on women migrant workers. It examines how the global health crisis has both amplified existing gender dynamics and created new gender-biased outcomes that disproportionately impact upon women migrant workers. The study investigates the health, social and domestic care services that women migrant workers provide and considered “essential” during the pandemic, and contrasts this with migrant workers’ exclusion from key services and support, before concluding with some recommendations.
2. COVID-19 impacts on the labour migration and mobility of young women and girls in South-East Asia and the Pacific / 2020 / 26 pages / E-ISBN 978-92-9068-856-3 / English
Authored by Marika McAdam, this paper explores the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on labour migration and mobility of young women and girls in South-East Asia and the Pacific. Building on the research report “Supporting Brighter Futures: Young Women and Girls and Labour Migration in South-East Asia and the Pacific” published by IOM in 2019, the paper offers speculative reflections on some policy implications that the shifts induced by the COVID-19 pandemic may have had on the overarching and interrelated economic, social, cultural and structural findings of the report, as well as the gender dimensions at play in South-East Asia and the Pacific.
3. Covid-19 and the transformation of migration and mobility globally : Why COVID-19 does not necessarily mean that attitudes towards immigration will become more negative / 2020 / 8 pages / English
In this paper, James Dennison and Andrew Geddes consider how the COVID-19 crisis will impact attitudes towards immigration in Europe. They argue that there is little evidence that the pandemic will undermine or reverse the “long-term trend” towards more positive sentiments about immigration and that it will lead to a decline in its salience. Their focus on Europe owes to the fact that developments there provide a powerful test of attitudes towards immigration in the context of the current crisis.
4. Covid-19 and the transformation of migration and mobility globally : Quarantined! Xenophobia and migrant workers during the COVID-19 pandemic / 2020 / 12 pages / English
In this paper, Jenna Hennebry and Hari KC examine the increase in xenophobia that migrant workers have faced since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic – from physical and verbal abuse to social exclusion and discriminatory quarantine practices. After detailing how xenophobia has exacerbated migrant workers’ pre-existing precarities, the paper proposes a range of recommendations to enable governments to address the issue. Finally, a number of best practices from around the world are outlined.
5. Covid-19 and the transformation of migration and mobility globally : Shifting forms of mobility related to COVID-19 / 2020 / 12 pages / English
In this paper, Susan Martin and Jonas Bergmann examine the wide-ranging impact that the COVID-19 pandemic has had upon human mobility. Considering four types of mobility, defined by the aspirations and capabilities driving them, they outline the various pathways through which the pandemic has reduced mobility, as well as how patterns of internal mobility have shifted. Finally, the paper discusses two international frameworks which provide the context in which mobility restrictions are enacted.
6. Covid-19 and the transformation of migration and mobility globally : “Disposable” and “essential”: Changes in the global hierarchies of migrant workers after COVID-19 / 2020 / 13 pages / English
In this paper, Anna Triandafyllidou and Lucia Nalbandian explore how the pandemic has inverted previous hierarchies of more and less desired migrant workers. The paper considers two groups of migrant workers – previously in-demand high-skilled migrant workers and low-skilled temporary migrant workers in sectors now deemed essential – and asks two key questions: 1.) what are innovative ways to neutralize the impact of border closures for highly skilled migrants, and 2.) how can we learn from the pandemic and improve the way that migrant recruitment and employment in agriculture is governed?
7. Covid-19 and the transformation of migration and mobility globally : COVID-19 and systemic resilience: What role for migrant workers? / 2020 / 12 pages / English
With the restrictions on movement imposed by governments leading to severe labour market shocks and reductions in labour supply, one of the central policy challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic has been how to protect and maintain essential economic activities and public services. In this paper, Bridget Anderson, Friedrich Poeschel and Martin Ruhs argue that concern for the resilience of essential services should drive a rethink of how the impacts of migrant workers are assessed and how labour migration and related public policies are designed. They integrate key insights from research on the role of migrant workers in addressing labour and skills shortages and the resilience of systems to suggest how considerations of systemic resilience can be built into analyses and policy debates about the effects and regulation of labour migration.
8. Covid-19 and the transformation of migration and mobility globally : Upscaling migrant sanctuary and solidarity policies and practices in times of COVID-19 / 2020 / 10 pages / English
For vulnerable migrants living in cities, the COVID-19 pandemic has created both new challenges and new opportunities. Authored by Harald Bauder and Margaret Godoy, this paper explores how policies and practices from so-called sanctuary and solidarity cities – which have long sought to protect such migrants and treat them as full members of their communities – can provide a blueprint for regional and national policies, addressing the structural issues that contribute to migrant vulnerabilities on a global scale. They first outline urban responses to protect vulnerable migrants – especially those with irregular status – before highlighting policy innovations that emulate urban sanctuary and solidarity policies and practices.
9. Covid-19 and the transformation of migration and mobility globally : Time for a re-set: Implications for child migration policies arising from COVID-19 / 2020 / 13 pages / English
Although children are less at risk of COVID-19 infection, millions of children – including migrant children – are nevertheless at heightened risk from the pandemic because of their precarious status. Authored by Jacqueline Bhabha, this paper uses available data sources, including crowd-sourced mobility data, media reports and anecdotal accounts, to conduct an initial assessment of the pandemic’s impact on vulnerable migrant children and outline a number of policies that have been enacted to attenuate this vulnerability.
10. Covid-19 and the transformation of migration and mobility globally : COVID-19 and women migrant workers: Impacts and implications / 2020 / 18 pages / English
Authored by Laura Foley and Nicola Piper, this paper explores the impacts and implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on women migrant workers. It examines how the global health crisis has both amplified existing gender dynamics and created new gender-biased outcomes that disproportionately impact upon women migrant workers. The study investigates the health, social and domestic care services that women migrant workers provide and which are considered “essential” during the pandemic, and contrasts this with migrant workers’ exclusion from key services and supports, before concluding with some recommendations.
11. MRS No. 64 – Immobility as the ultimate “migration disrupter”
An initial analysis of COVID-19 impacts through the prism of securitization / 2020 / 16 pages / E-ISBN 978-92-9068-867-9 / English
In this Migration Research Series paper, Marie McAuliffe examines the widespread and unprecedented imposition of movement restrictions by governments in an attempt to limit COVID-19 transmission and infection, with particular reference to the ongoing securitization of migration. In the current context of growing misinformation, increasing unilateral “strongman” politics, and massive technological change, she offers an initial reflection as to whether extraordinary measures are likely to become ordinary, and the implications for human rights and mobility, before then discussing the need to re-think and de-link migration and mobility with reference to the opportunities and challenges presented by COVID-19.
12. Covid-19 and the transformation of migration and mobility globally : COVID-19 and human rights of migrants: More protection for the benefit of all / 2020 / 11 pages / English
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted that public health and the protection of migrants are not mutually exclusive, but instead must be integrated. Authored by Vincent Chetail, this paper advances three key reasons why it is vital to reconcile the two. First, by both exacerbating and producing new vulnerabilities, the health crisis risks creating a migration crisis. Second, the human rights of migrants, as grounded in international law, provide a flexible toolbox to address their need for protection while facing the current health emergency. Third, integrating health and protection considerations is an opportunity to rethink immigration policies through innovative solutions that give due respect to human rights.
13. Covid-19 and the transformation of migration and mobility globally : Temporary migration regimes and their sustainability in times of COVID-19 / 2020 / 10 pages / English
The widespread imposition of mobility restrictions by governments to slow to the spread of COVID-19 has exacerbated the vulnerability of migrant workers who move as part of temporary labour migration schemes. In this paper, Brenda Yeoh reviews a range of short-term policy measures which have been enacted both to ameliorate these vulnerabilities and to uphold the temporary migration regime. She then proposes that the pandemic highlights the need to rethink such temporary migration schemes in the post-COVID-19 world.
14. Covid-19 and the transformation of migration and mobility globally : COVID-19 and rethinking the need for legal pathways to mobility: Taking human security seriously
In this paper, Luisa Feline Freier proposes that the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need of a shift towards including public health considerations from a human security perspective when considering the need for legal pathways to migration and migrant regularization. She first outlines why there is an urgent need for regularization in the context of both migrant health and public health more broadly, before then detailing a number of positive examples of states taking a creative approach to migrant regularization in the context of the pandemic.
15. Covid-19 and the transformation of migration and mobility globally : Stranded irregular migrant workers during COVID-19 Crisis: The question of repatriation / 2020 / 9 pages / English
Authored by Ahmet İçduygu, this paper discusses the social, economic and health consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, with particular reference to repatriation. While returning home represents a viable option of protection from COVID-19 health risks for most individuals on the move, for irregular migrants this decision is far more complex. The paper focuses on three key questions: 1. How do stranded irregular migrant workers experience insecurities and uncertainties surrounding their lives during the COVID-19 crisis? 2. How and why do irregular migrants struggle with the repatriation process? 3. How can repatriation processes be improved through multi-level cooperation for global migration governance?
16. Covid-19 and the transformation of migration and mobility globally : Migration and mobility after the 2020 pandemic: The end of an age? / 2020 / 14 pages / English
The period since World War II has been characterized by increasingly extensive and complex global population movements. Yet this international mobility has been brought to an almost complete standstill by the COVID-19 pandemic, as states have imposed restrictions on movement in order to slow the spread of the virus. In this paper, Alan Gamlen asks if the COVID-19 pandemic will bring about the end of the “age of migration” and poses ten key questions to guide future migration and mobility research.
17. Deeper international cooperation on COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control measures in the field of migration administration, with reference to the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration / 2020 / 9 pages / English
In this paper, Guofu Liu highlights the central role of international cooperation in the field of migration to fight the COVID-19 pandemic. After presenting the main challenges raised by the pandemic for international cooperation on migration, the paper explores good practices in this area. It concludes with proposals for deeper international cooperation on COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control, with a particular focus on the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration.
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