INTRODUCTION = 6
I. THE RIGHT TO A REMEDY AND REPARATION = 8
I.1 Forms of Reparation = 9
I.2 Effective procedural remedies = 10
I.3 Domestic remedies = 12
a. National Courts = 12
b. Foreign Courts = 13
I.4 International remedies = 15
a. Human Rights Courts and Bodies = 15
b. International Criminal Tribunals = 16
II. ENFORCEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL AWARDS = 17
II.1 Regional Human Rights Mechanisms = 17
a. The African System = 17
b. The European System = 24
c. The Inter-American System = 34
II.2 Universal (UN) Human Rights Treaty Monitoring Bodies = 41
a. Human Rights Committee = 41
b. Committee against Torture = 45
II.3 The International Criminal Court = 47
a. Protective measures = 48
b. Reparations Awards = 49
c. The role of the Office of the Prosecutor = 50
d. The ICC Trust Fund for Victims = 50
III. DOMESTIC JUDGMENTS AND DECISIONS = 52
III.1 Domestic and Foreign Civil Judgments = 52
a. Preliminary Considerations = 52
b. Enforcement at the Domestic Level = 55
c. ‘Extraterritorial’ Tort Actions in the United States = 60
III.2 Awards of National Truth and Reconciliation Commissions = 63
a. Enforcement of Reparation Awards = 64
b. Examples of Reparation Programmes = 65
IV. CONCLUSIONS = 73
ANNEX 1: AGENDA CONFERENCE = 83
ANNEX 2: BIOS OF SPEAKERS = 85
I. THE RIGHT TO A REMEDY AND REPARATION = 8
I.1 Forms of Reparation = 9
I.2 Effective procedural remedies = 10
I.3 Domestic remedies = 12
a. National Courts = 12
b. Foreign Courts = 13
I.4 International remedies = 15
a. Human Rights Courts and Bodies = 15
b. International Criminal Tribunals = 16
II. ENFORCEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL AWARDS = 17
II.1 Regional Human Rights Mechanisms = 17
a. The African System = 17
b. The European System = 24
c. The Inter-American System = 34
II.2 Universal (UN) Human Rights Treaty Monitoring Bodies = 41
a. Human Rights Committee = 41
b. Committee against Torture = 45
II.3 The International Criminal Court = 47
a. Protective measures = 48
b. Reparations Awards = 49
c. The role of the Office of the Prosecutor = 50
d. The ICC Trust Fund for Victims = 50
III. DOMESTIC JUDGMENTS AND DECISIONS = 52
III.1 Domestic and Foreign Civil Judgments = 52
a. Preliminary Considerations = 52
b. Enforcement at the Domestic Level = 55
c. ‘Extraterritorial’ Tort Actions in the United States = 60
III.2 Awards of National Truth and Reconciliation Commissions = 63
a. Enforcement of Reparation Awards = 64
b. Examples of Reparation Programmes = 65
IV. CONCLUSIONS = 73
ANNEX 1: AGENDA CONFERENCE = 83
ANNEX 2: BIOS OF SPEAKERS = 85