1 INTRODUCTION = 1
1 THE PHENOMENON OF NATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS INSTITUTIONS = 1
1.2 PLAN FOR THE STUDY = 2
2 THE CONCEPT OF NATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS INSTITUTIONS = 6
2.1 INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR NATIONAL INSTITUTIONS: THE PARIS PRINCIPLES = 6
2.2 THE NORMATIVE STATUS OF THE PARIS PRINCIPLES = 9
2.3 THE PARIS PRINCIPLES IN THE NATIONAL CONTEXT = 14
2.4 BASIC TYPES OF NATIONAL INSTITUTIONS = 16
3 NATIONAL INSTITUTIONS ON THE INTERNATIONALAGENDA = 30
3.1 INTRODUCING THE IDEA = 30
3.1.1 National Institutions as “International Support Bodies” = 30
3.1.2 Advisory Committees for Governments = 34
3.2 DEVELOPING THE IDEA = 39
3.2.1 National Human Rights Committees and Treaty Monitoring = 39
3.2.2 National Institutions and Complaints Handling = 41
3.2.3 The First International Guidelines for National Institutions = 43
3.3 THE POPULARISATION OF THE CONCEPT = 47
3.3.1 Exchange of Information on National Institutions = 47
3.3.2 National Institutions and Technical Assistance = 51
3.3.3 Developments beyond the United Nations = 55
3.4 THE DIFFUSION OF NATIONAL INSTITUTIONS = 58
3.4.1 International Standards for National Institutions: The “Paris Principles” = 58
3.4.2 International Commitment to “Paris Principles Institutions” = 60
3.4.3 The First United Nations Programme of Action for National Institutions = 65
3.4.4 The Proactive Phase of the United Nations Programme = 67
3.4.5 The United Nations National Institutions Approach = 72
3.4.6 Developments in the Field of National Institutions = 74
3.4.7 National Institutions in Other International Fora = 77
4 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS = 118
4.1 SPECIFICATION OF THE CONCEPT OF NATIONAL INSTITUTIONS = 119
4.2 THE CHANGING ATTITUDES OF GOVERNMENTS = 121
4.3 THE EXPANDING ROLE OF THE UNITED NATIONS = 123
1 THE PHENOMENON OF NATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS INSTITUTIONS = 1
1.2 PLAN FOR THE STUDY = 2
2 THE CONCEPT OF NATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS INSTITUTIONS = 6
2.1 INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR NATIONAL INSTITUTIONS: THE PARIS PRINCIPLES = 6
2.2 THE NORMATIVE STATUS OF THE PARIS PRINCIPLES = 9
2.3 THE PARIS PRINCIPLES IN THE NATIONAL CONTEXT = 14
2.4 BASIC TYPES OF NATIONAL INSTITUTIONS = 16
3 NATIONAL INSTITUTIONS ON THE INTERNATIONALAGENDA = 30
3.1 INTRODUCING THE IDEA = 30
3.1.1 National Institutions as “International Support Bodies” = 30
3.1.2 Advisory Committees for Governments = 34
3.2 DEVELOPING THE IDEA = 39
3.2.1 National Human Rights Committees and Treaty Monitoring = 39
3.2.2 National Institutions and Complaints Handling = 41
3.2.3 The First International Guidelines for National Institutions = 43
3.3 THE POPULARISATION OF THE CONCEPT = 47
3.3.1 Exchange of Information on National Institutions = 47
3.3.2 National Institutions and Technical Assistance = 51
3.3.3 Developments beyond the United Nations = 55
3.4 THE DIFFUSION OF NATIONAL INSTITUTIONS = 58
3.4.1 International Standards for National Institutions: The “Paris Principles” = 58
3.4.2 International Commitment to “Paris Principles Institutions” = 60
3.4.3 The First United Nations Programme of Action for National Institutions = 65
3.4.4 The Proactive Phase of the United Nations Programme = 67
3.4.5 The United Nations National Institutions Approach = 72
3.4.6 Developments in the Field of National Institutions = 74
3.4.7 National Institutions in Other International Fora = 77
4 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS = 118
4.1 SPECIFICATION OF THE CONCEPT OF NATIONAL INSTITUTIONS = 119
4.2 THE CHANGING ATTITUDES OF GOVERNMENTS = 121
4.3 THE EXPANDING ROLE OF THE UNITED NATIONS = 123