Introduction Xiii
Part One: The Age of Classical Civilization = 1
Introduction = 3
The Code of Hammurabi, C. 1800 Bc
Hammurabi = 7
The Teaching of Amenhope, C. 1400 Bc
Anonymous = 13
The Hymn to Aten, C. 1345 Bc
Akhenaten = 19
The Ten Commandments, C. 1260 Bc = 23
The Twelve Tables, C. 450 Bc = 27
The Funeral Oration of Pericles, 431 Bc
Thucydides = 31
Socrates on His Condemnation to Death, 399 Bc
Plato = 35
from The Republic, 375 Bc
Plato = 39
from The Politics, C. 330 Bc
Aristotle = 50
from Nicomachean Ethics, C. 330 Bc
Aristotle = 60
The Wisdom of Solomon, C. 100 Bc
Anonymous = 64
from De Rerum Natura, C. 65 Bc
Lucretius = 68
First Oration Against Catiline, 63 Bc
Cicero = 81
from on The State, C. 53 Bc
Cicero = 91
The Birth of Christ, C. 6 Bc
St Luke = 98
The Sermon on The Mount, C. Ad 30 = 100
from Meditations, C. Ad 177
Marcus Aurelius = 107
The Edict of Milan, Ad 313
Emperors Constantine and Licinius = 115
from The Confessions/the City of God, Ad 397/1412-427
St Augustine = 117
Part Two: The Age of Faith = 129
Introduction = 131
The Monastic Rule of St Benedict, C. 515 = 136
The Rules of Courtly Love, C. 1150
Andreas Capellanus = 138
Magna Carta, 1215 = 140
from The Life of St Francis, 1228-9
Thomas of Celano = 151
The End of Man, 1259-64
St Thomas Aquinas = 159
Writ of Summons to Parliament, 1295
Edward I = 163
from The Divine Comedy, C. 1307
Dante Alighieri = 166
Piers Plowman's Protest, C. 1362
William Langland = 170
Letter to Posterity, C. 1370
Francesco Petrarca = 175
from Wyclif S Doctrines, 1382
John Wyclif = 182
on Reaching The New World, 1492
Christopher Columbus = 184
from Utopia, 1516
Sir Thomas More = 187
Part Three: The Age of Freedom = 201
Introduction = 203
The Ninety-five Theses, 1517
Martin Luther = 206
Speech before The Diet of Worms, 1521
Martin Luther = 214
The Candle That Shall Never Be Put Out: The Martyrdom of Ridley and Latimer, 1555
John Foxe = 217
The Poor Law Act, 1598 = 220
from Novum Organum, 1620
Francis Bacon = 224
The Mayflower Compact, 1620
William Bradford = 228
The Petition of Right, 1628 = 229
from Dialogue Concerning Two Chief World Systems, 1632
Galileo Galilei = 233
from The Discourse Upon Method, 1637
Rene Descartes = 235
The Attempted Arrest of The Five Members, 1642
John Rushworth = 244
a Declaration from The Poor Oppressed People of England, 1649
Gerrard Winstanley Et Al = 247
from Areopagitica, 1644
John Milton = 254
from The Pilgrim's Progress, 1678-84
John Bunyan = 258
Habeas Corpus Act, 1679 = 267
The Bill of Rights (britain), 1689 = 275
from The Second Treatise on Government, 1690
John Locke = 282
from The Social Contract, 1762
Jean Jacques Rousseau = 302
from Emile 1762
Jean Jacques Rousseau = 310
from The Philosophical Dictionary, 1764
Voltaire = 320
The Abolition of Torture, 1764
Cesare Beccaria = 326
The Declaration of Independence, 4 July 1776 = 333
from An Inquiry Into The Nature and Causes of The Wealth of Nations, 1776
Adam Smith = 339
Religious Toleration, 1779
Gotthold Ephraim Lessing = 343
The Declaration of The Rights of Man and Citizen (france), 1789 = 348
The Bill of Rights, 1791 = 351
from The Rights of Man, 1791-2
Thomas Paine = 355
from Vindication of The Rights of Woman, 1792
Mary Wollstonecraft = 360
From Reform Act, 1832 = 369
from Democracy in America, 1835
Alexis De Tocqueville = 375
to The Young Men of Italy, 1848
Giuseppe Mazzini = 378
Open Letter Against Slavery, 1848
Frederick Douglass = 384
from on Liberty, 1859
John Stuart Mill = 391
from on The Origin of Species, 1859
Charles Darwin = 400
The Proclamation of Emancipation, 1863
Abraham Lincoln = 418
The Gettysburg Address, 1863
Abraham Lincoln = 421
from a Manifesto, 1884
George Bernard Shaw = 422
from The Soul of Man Under Socialism, 1891
Oscar Wilde = 424
"j'accuse", 1898
Emile Zola = 426
"no Surrender": a Suffragette on Hunger Strike, 1910
Lady Constance Lytton = 429
Representation of The People Act, 1918 = 432
Satyagraha: Civil Disobedience in Action, India 1930
Webb Miller = 434
"their Finest Hour": Speech to Parliament, 1940
Winston Churchill Mp = 437
from Full Employment in a Free Society, 1944
William Beveridge = 446
The Charter of The United Nations, 1945 = 448
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948 = 453
The North Atlantic Treaty, 1949 = 458
"we Must Abolish The Cult of The Individual": Speech to The 20th Congress of The Communist Party of The Soviet Union, 1956
Nikita Khrushchev = 462
from "the Wind of Change": Speech before The South African Parliament of The Union, 1960
Harold Macmillan = 467
Inaugural Address, 1961
President John F. Kennedy = 470
"i Have a Dream": Speech before The Civil Rights March on Washington Dc, 1963
Martin Luther King, Jr = 474
from "i Am Prepared to Die": Speech at The Rivona Trial, 1964
Nelson Mandela = 478
Letter to The Secretariat of The Soviet Writers' Union, 1969
Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn = 482
Sources & Acknowledgments = 485
Part One: The Age of Classical Civilization = 1
Introduction = 3
The Code of Hammurabi, C. 1800 Bc
Hammurabi = 7
The Teaching of Amenhope, C. 1400 Bc
Anonymous = 13
The Hymn to Aten, C. 1345 Bc
Akhenaten = 19
The Ten Commandments, C. 1260 Bc = 23
The Twelve Tables, C. 450 Bc = 27
The Funeral Oration of Pericles, 431 Bc
Thucydides = 31
Socrates on His Condemnation to Death, 399 Bc
Plato = 35
from The Republic, 375 Bc
Plato = 39
from The Politics, C. 330 Bc
Aristotle = 50
from Nicomachean Ethics, C. 330 Bc
Aristotle = 60
The Wisdom of Solomon, C. 100 Bc
Anonymous = 64
from De Rerum Natura, C. 65 Bc
Lucretius = 68
First Oration Against Catiline, 63 Bc
Cicero = 81
from on The State, C. 53 Bc
Cicero = 91
The Birth of Christ, C. 6 Bc
St Luke = 98
The Sermon on The Mount, C. Ad 30 = 100
from Meditations, C. Ad 177
Marcus Aurelius = 107
The Edict of Milan, Ad 313
Emperors Constantine and Licinius = 115
from The Confessions/the City of God, Ad 397/1412-427
St Augustine = 117
Part Two: The Age of Faith = 129
Introduction = 131
The Monastic Rule of St Benedict, C. 515 = 136
The Rules of Courtly Love, C. 1150
Andreas Capellanus = 138
Magna Carta, 1215 = 140
from The Life of St Francis, 1228-9
Thomas of Celano = 151
The End of Man, 1259-64
St Thomas Aquinas = 159
Writ of Summons to Parliament, 1295
Edward I = 163
from The Divine Comedy, C. 1307
Dante Alighieri = 166
Piers Plowman's Protest, C. 1362
William Langland = 170
Letter to Posterity, C. 1370
Francesco Petrarca = 175
from Wyclif S Doctrines, 1382
John Wyclif = 182
on Reaching The New World, 1492
Christopher Columbus = 184
from Utopia, 1516
Sir Thomas More = 187
Part Three: The Age of Freedom = 201
Introduction = 203
The Ninety-five Theses, 1517
Martin Luther = 206
Speech before The Diet of Worms, 1521
Martin Luther = 214
The Candle That Shall Never Be Put Out: The Martyrdom of Ridley and Latimer, 1555
John Foxe = 217
The Poor Law Act, 1598 = 220
from Novum Organum, 1620
Francis Bacon = 224
The Mayflower Compact, 1620
William Bradford = 228
The Petition of Right, 1628 = 229
from Dialogue Concerning Two Chief World Systems, 1632
Galileo Galilei = 233
from The Discourse Upon Method, 1637
Rene Descartes = 235
The Attempted Arrest of The Five Members, 1642
John Rushworth = 244
a Declaration from The Poor Oppressed People of England, 1649
Gerrard Winstanley Et Al = 247
from Areopagitica, 1644
John Milton = 254
from The Pilgrim's Progress, 1678-84
John Bunyan = 258
Habeas Corpus Act, 1679 = 267
The Bill of Rights (britain), 1689 = 275
from The Second Treatise on Government, 1690
John Locke = 282
from The Social Contract, 1762
Jean Jacques Rousseau = 302
from Emile 1762
Jean Jacques Rousseau = 310
from The Philosophical Dictionary, 1764
Voltaire = 320
The Abolition of Torture, 1764
Cesare Beccaria = 326
The Declaration of Independence, 4 July 1776 = 333
from An Inquiry Into The Nature and Causes of The Wealth of Nations, 1776
Adam Smith = 339
Religious Toleration, 1779
Gotthold Ephraim Lessing = 343
The Declaration of The Rights of Man and Citizen (france), 1789 = 348
The Bill of Rights, 1791 = 351
from The Rights of Man, 1791-2
Thomas Paine = 355
from Vindication of The Rights of Woman, 1792
Mary Wollstonecraft = 360
From Reform Act, 1832 = 369
from Democracy in America, 1835
Alexis De Tocqueville = 375
to The Young Men of Italy, 1848
Giuseppe Mazzini = 378
Open Letter Against Slavery, 1848
Frederick Douglass = 384
from on Liberty, 1859
John Stuart Mill = 391
from on The Origin of Species, 1859
Charles Darwin = 400
The Proclamation of Emancipation, 1863
Abraham Lincoln = 418
The Gettysburg Address, 1863
Abraham Lincoln = 421
from a Manifesto, 1884
George Bernard Shaw = 422
from The Soul of Man Under Socialism, 1891
Oscar Wilde = 424
"j'accuse", 1898
Emile Zola = 426
"no Surrender": a Suffragette on Hunger Strike, 1910
Lady Constance Lytton = 429
Representation of The People Act, 1918 = 432
Satyagraha: Civil Disobedience in Action, India 1930
Webb Miller = 434
"their Finest Hour": Speech to Parliament, 1940
Winston Churchill Mp = 437
from Full Employment in a Free Society, 1944
William Beveridge = 446
The Charter of The United Nations, 1945 = 448
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948 = 453
The North Atlantic Treaty, 1949 = 458
"we Must Abolish The Cult of The Individual": Speech to The 20th Congress of The Communist Party of The Soviet Union, 1956
Nikita Khrushchev = 462
from "the Wind of Change": Speech before The South African Parliament of The Union, 1960
Harold Macmillan = 467
Inaugural Address, 1961
President John F. Kennedy = 470
"i Have a Dream": Speech before The Civil Rights March on Washington Dc, 1963
Martin Luther King, Jr = 474
from "i Am Prepared to Die": Speech at The Rivona Trial, 1964
Nelson Mandela = 478
Letter to The Secretariat of The Soviet Writers' Union, 1969
Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn = 482
Sources & Acknowledgments = 485