1. Environmentalism and Social Justice = 1
Race Versus Class in Spatial Location = 5
The Theoretical Basis of Environmental Conflict = 9
Translating Concern into Action = 11
Environmentalism and Civil Rights = 14
A Note on the Research Approach = 17
2. Race, Class, and the Politics of Place = 21
Consequences of Uneven Development = 23
Endangered Environs = 26
Growing Black Militancy = 29
Waste-Facility Siting Disparities = 32
3. Dispute Resolution and Toxics: Case Studies = 37
Defining and Defending Against a Threat = 37
Houston's Northwood Manor Neighborhood = 40
West Dallas (Texas) = 45
Institute (West Virginia) = 51
Alsen (Louisiana) = 55
Emelle-Sumter County (Alabama) = 59
Summary of Disputes and Resolutions = 63
4. The Environmental Justice Movement: Survey Results = 75
Rating of Environmental Problems = 76
Siting Conflict and the Question of Equity = 81
Economic Versus Environmental Trade-Offs = 84
Environmental Activism = 89
5. Environmental Racism Revisited = 97
The Role of Racism = 97
Unequal Protection = 99
Environmental Apartheid = 102
Louisiana as ``Paradise'' Lost = 103
From American Dream to Nightmare = 110
6. Environmental Justice as a Working Model = 113
Waiting for Government Action = 113
Impetus for Changing the System = 116
Executive Order 12898 = 117
Remedying Past Inequities = 119
A Model Environmental Justice Framework = 121
Winning at the Grass Roots = 125
Relocation from ``Mount Dioxin,'' = 129
Citizens Against Nuclear Trash Chalk Up Major Victory = 130
Corporate Welfare and Environmental Racism: The Case of Shintech = 132
Conclusion = 135
7. Action Strategies for the Twenty-First Century = 137
Lessons Learned = 137
Mobilizing the Grass Roots = 143
Toward the Politics of Inclusion = 145
Conclusion = 158
Notes = 161
Selected Bibliography = 181
Appendix: Resources and Contacts = 197
Index 225
Race Versus Class in Spatial Location = 5
The Theoretical Basis of Environmental Conflict = 9
Translating Concern into Action = 11
Environmentalism and Civil Rights = 14
A Note on the Research Approach = 17
2. Race, Class, and the Politics of Place = 21
Consequences of Uneven Development = 23
Endangered Environs = 26
Growing Black Militancy = 29
Waste-Facility Siting Disparities = 32
3. Dispute Resolution and Toxics: Case Studies = 37
Defining and Defending Against a Threat = 37
Houston's Northwood Manor Neighborhood = 40
West Dallas (Texas) = 45
Institute (West Virginia) = 51
Alsen (Louisiana) = 55
Emelle-Sumter County (Alabama) = 59
Summary of Disputes and Resolutions = 63
4. The Environmental Justice Movement: Survey Results = 75
Rating of Environmental Problems = 76
Siting Conflict and the Question of Equity = 81
Economic Versus Environmental Trade-Offs = 84
Environmental Activism = 89
5. Environmental Racism Revisited = 97
The Role of Racism = 97
Unequal Protection = 99
Environmental Apartheid = 102
Louisiana as ``Paradise'' Lost = 103
From American Dream to Nightmare = 110
6. Environmental Justice as a Working Model = 113
Waiting for Government Action = 113
Impetus for Changing the System = 116
Executive Order 12898 = 117
Remedying Past Inequities = 119
A Model Environmental Justice Framework = 121
Winning at the Grass Roots = 125
Relocation from ``Mount Dioxin,'' = 129
Citizens Against Nuclear Trash Chalk Up Major Victory = 130
Corporate Welfare and Environmental Racism: The Case of Shintech = 132
Conclusion = 135
7. Action Strategies for the Twenty-First Century = 137
Lessons Learned = 137
Mobilizing the Grass Roots = 143
Toward the Politics of Inclusion = 145
Conclusion = 158
Notes = 161
Selected Bibliography = 181
Appendix: Resources and Contacts = 197
Index 225