Preface by the European Institutions = 7
1. Introduction = 9
1.1 The future of Europe : young people, inclusion and participation = 9
1.2 The value and challenge of working inclusively = 10
2. Definitions = 13
2.1 Difficulties with words = 13
2.2 Who are the young people with fewer opportunities ? = 14
3. How to reach all ? = 17
3.1 Obstacles = 17
3.2 Why young people participate = 19
3.3 Motivation = 21
3.4 Attractive activities = 23
4. Young people and their context = 27
4.1 Young people in their communities = 27
4.2 Setting up partnerships = 30
4.3 Different working contexts = 36
5. Non formal education as a tool for the inclusion of all = 37
5.1 Non-formal versus formal education and vocational training = 37
5.2 Youth work with young people with fewer opportunities = 39
6. Inclusive youth work in practice = 41
6.1 Ethos = 41
6.2 Step-by-step approach = 42
6.3 Building trust = 44
6.4 Exploring self-esteem = 45
7. Some particular approaches = 49
7.1 Peer education = 49
7.2 The contractual approach = 51
7.3 Conflict management = 53
8. Practical part - Exercises = 57
8.1 Young people with fewer opportunities = 58
8.2 Feeling social exclusion = 69
8.3 Building trust and self-esteem = 83
8.4 Conflict management = 89
8.5 Setting up partnerships = 96
8.6 Peer education = 100
9. Further reading = 105
10. About the authors = 109
1. Introduction = 9
1.1 The future of Europe : young people, inclusion and participation = 9
1.2 The value and challenge of working inclusively = 10
2. Definitions = 13
2.1 Difficulties with words = 13
2.2 Who are the young people with fewer opportunities ? = 14
3. How to reach all ? = 17
3.1 Obstacles = 17
3.2 Why young people participate = 19
3.3 Motivation = 21
3.4 Attractive activities = 23
4. Young people and their context = 27
4.1 Young people in their communities = 27
4.2 Setting up partnerships = 30
4.3 Different working contexts = 36
5. Non formal education as a tool for the inclusion of all = 37
5.1 Non-formal versus formal education and vocational training = 37
5.2 Youth work with young people with fewer opportunities = 39
6. Inclusive youth work in practice = 41
6.1 Ethos = 41
6.2 Step-by-step approach = 42
6.3 Building trust = 44
6.4 Exploring self-esteem = 45
7. Some particular approaches = 49
7.1 Peer education = 49
7.2 The contractual approach = 51
7.3 Conflict management = 53
8. Practical part - Exercises = 57
8.1 Young people with fewer opportunities = 58
8.2 Feeling social exclusion = 69
8.3 Building trust and self-esteem = 83
8.4 Conflict management = 89
8.5 Setting up partnerships = 96
8.6 Peer education = 100
9. Further reading = 105
10. About the authors = 109