FOREWARD BY FOREIGN SECRETARY ROBIN COOK = 9
UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS = 10
Chapter One: CHALLENGES AND PROGRESS = 14
What are Human Rights? = 15
The Pinochet Case = 16
Burma = 16
Iraq = 17
China = 19
Tibet = 19
Rights and freedoms in Hong Kong = 20
Zimbabwe = 21
Federal Republic of Yugoslavia - Serbia = 22
Federal Republic of Yugoslavia - Montenegro = 23
Iran = 23
East Timor = 24
Indonesia = 25
Kosovo = 26
Sierra Leone = 26
Nigeria = 28
Chapter Two: JOINED UP GOVERNMENT = 29
2.1 A co-ordinated approach to human rights = 29
International development =29
Defence Diplomacy = 29
The rights of women = 30
Employment rights = 30
Corporate social responsibility = 30
The British Council = 30
BBC World Service = 31
The Westminster Foundation for Democracy = 31
2.2 Human rights in the UK = 31
Implementing the Human Rights Act = 31
The Human Rights Act in Scotland = 32
The Human Rights Act in Wales = 32
The Human Rights Act in Northern Ireland = 32
The rights of women = 33
UK co-operation with multilateral human rights mechanisms = 33
Labour standards = 33
The European Court of Human Rights and children in the UK courts = 34
The Stephen Lawrence Inquiry Report = 34
The Race Relations Bill = 34
European Directive on race = 34
The Freedom of Information Bill = 35
The Immigration and Asylum Act = 35
The Rights of disabled people = 35
Human rights in the Overseas Territories = 36
The British Hajj Delegation to Mecca = 36
The Crown Dependencies = 37
Forced marriages = 37
Chapter Three: HUMAN RIGHTS AND MULTILATERAL ACTION = 38
Human rights resolutions = 38
3.1 The 56th UN Commission on Human Rights = 39
Human rights defenders = 40
Indigenous issues = 40
3.2 UN General Assembly = 41
Working for better co operation with international mechanisms = 41
3.3 Other UN human rights bodies = 42
Monitoring international obligations = 42
The International Labour Organisation = 42
3.4 The UN High Commissioner for Human Rights = 43
3.5 The Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe = 43
OSCE Gender Adviser = 44
OSCE mission in Kosovo = 44
OSCE High Commissioner on National Minorities = 45
OSCE Review Conference = 45
OSCE Summit, Istanbul = 45
Seminars and supplementary meetings = 45
3.6 The Council of Europe = 46
The European Court of Human Rights = 46
Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights = 46
3.7 Human Rights and the EU = 46
Africa - Europe Summit = 47
EU Annual Human Rights Report =48
EU-NGO Human Rights Forum = 48
EU lobbying in Belarus = 48
EU support for human rights and democratisation = 49
EU Centre Against Racism and Xenophobia = 49
EU Charter of Rights = 49
3.8 Commonwealth = 49
Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting = 49
Cameroon = 50
Commonwealth Ministerial Action Group = 50
Commonwealth Human Rights Fund = 51
Chapter Four: HUMAN RIGHTS AND CONFLICT = 52
4.1 Protecting the victims of war =52
4.2 International humanitarian law = 52
4.3 Tackling the culture of impunity = 53
4.4 Refugees = 54
Afghanistan = 55
Russian Republic of Chechnya = 56
Colombia = 58
4.5 Conflict prevention = 58
4.6 Arms export controls = 60
National policy = 60
Indonesia: the EU arms embargo = 60
International developments = 61
Small arms = 61
Anti-personnel mines = 62
4.7 Security sector reform = 62
Defence Diplomacy = 62
Assistance to Support Stability with In-Service Training (ASSIST) = 63
4.8 Business and conflict = 64
Conflict diamonds = 65
4.9 Humanitarian intervention = 66
4.10 Sanctions = 66
Angola = 66
Burundi: The Arusha Peace Process = 67
4.11 Lobbying for peace = 67
Democratic Republic of Congo = 68
Kashmir = 69
The conflict between Ethiopia and Eritrea = 69
4.12 Peace Support Operations = 70
4.13 Post-conflict reconstruction = 70
Kosovo = 71
Chapter Five: HUMAN RIGHTS, ECONOMY AND SOCIETY = 72
5.1 Globalisation and economic and social rights = 73
5.2 Foreign direct investment and debt = 73
5.3 The international financial institutions = 74
5.4 The World Trade Organisation and the growth in world trade = 74
Trade vs. labour standards? = 74
5.5 Export credits and human rights = 75
Export credits and defence sales = 76
5.6 EU trade agreements with third party countries = 76
The Cotonou Agreement = 77
5.7 Supporting corporate citizenship = 77
Working in partnership with British business = 78
5.8 Labour rights = 79
Slavery and bonded labour = 79
Sudan abductions = 80
Trafficking in women = 80
5.9 Economic and social rights of women = 81
The “Beijing Plus Five” UN Special Session on Women = 81
5.10 The rights of disabled people = 82
5.11 HIV/AIDS = 83
Chapter Six: HUMAN RIGHTS AND JUSTICE = 84
Lockerbie: securing justice for the victims of terrorism = 84
6.1 Judicial reform = 85
Judicial reform in Latin America = 86
6.2 Fair trials = 86
China: legal co-operation = 87
Ethiopia = 88
6.3 Torture = 88
Turkey = 90
New controls on the export of handcuffs = 90
6.4 Arbitrary detention = 90
6.5 Human rights defenders = 91
Cambodia = 92
The Special Rapporteur on the Independence of Judges = 92
6.6 National human rights institutions = 92
Peru: overcoming the consequences of terrorism = 93
6.7 Police forces = 94
Assistance to Support Stability with In-Service Training (ASSIST) = 94
Policing in India = 95
Brazil: human rights and justice = 96
Albania: assistance to police = 97
6.8 Violence against women = 96
6.9 Prisons = 98
Mongolia = 99
6.10 Death penalty = 100
EU Guidelines for action on the death penalty = 100
Death penalty in the USA = 101
Death penalty in China = 102
Judicial co-operation in the Caribbean = 102
Chapter Seven: HUMAN RIGHTS, DEMOCRACY AND DIVERSITY = 103
7.1 Democracy and human rights = 103
The attempted coup in Fiji = 104
Conference on Good Governance in Africa = 105
Towards a Community of Democracies = 106
Pakistan = 107
7.2 Elections = 104
Election Observation = 106
7.3 Promoting political equality = 107
7.4 Political choice = 108
UK participation in election observation = 109
Russia: Presidential succession and elections = 110
Bosnia and Herzegovina = 112
7.5 Freedom of opinion and expression = 112
Algeria = 114
Cuba = 114
Morocco = 115
BBC World Service = 116
Angola = 118
7.6 Religion = 117
Religious minorities in Iran = 119
Saudi Arabia = 120
7.7 Tolerance and Diversity = 119
FCO secondment to Minority Rights Group = 122
Estonia and Latvia: language discrimination = 122
Human rights in Central Asia = 123
Chapter Eight: RIGHTS OF THE CHILD = 124
United Nations General Assembly Special Session in 2001 = 124
Kenya = 125
8.1 Child sexual exploitation = 125
First Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography = 125
8.2 Children in armed conflict = 126
Kosovo pen-pals scheme = 126
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the involvement of children in armed conflict = 127
8.3 Child Labour = 128
8.4 The Plight of the most vulnerable children = 128
Thailand = 129
The Philippines = 130
10th Anniversary of the Convention on the Rights of the Child = 131
Annex 1: KEY SPEECHES = 132
Annex 2: FUNDING = 140
Annex 3: TRAINING = 143
Annex 4: GUIDE TO KEY MULTILATERAL ORGANISATIONS = 144
Annex 5: CHART OF RATIFICATION OF UN HUMAN RIGHTS INSTRUMENTS = 154
Annex 6: FURTHER SOURCES OF HUMAN RIGHTS INFORMATION = 159
Glossary = 164
Index =166
UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS = 10
Chapter One: CHALLENGES AND PROGRESS = 14
What are Human Rights? = 15
The Pinochet Case = 16
Burma = 16
Iraq = 17
China = 19
Tibet = 19
Rights and freedoms in Hong Kong = 20
Zimbabwe = 21
Federal Republic of Yugoslavia - Serbia = 22
Federal Republic of Yugoslavia - Montenegro = 23
Iran = 23
East Timor = 24
Indonesia = 25
Kosovo = 26
Sierra Leone = 26
Nigeria = 28
Chapter Two: JOINED UP GOVERNMENT = 29
2.1 A co-ordinated approach to human rights = 29
International development =29
Defence Diplomacy = 29
The rights of women = 30
Employment rights = 30
Corporate social responsibility = 30
The British Council = 30
BBC World Service = 31
The Westminster Foundation for Democracy = 31
2.2 Human rights in the UK = 31
Implementing the Human Rights Act = 31
The Human Rights Act in Scotland = 32
The Human Rights Act in Wales = 32
The Human Rights Act in Northern Ireland = 32
The rights of women = 33
UK co-operation with multilateral human rights mechanisms = 33
Labour standards = 33
The European Court of Human Rights and children in the UK courts = 34
The Stephen Lawrence Inquiry Report = 34
The Race Relations Bill = 34
European Directive on race = 34
The Freedom of Information Bill = 35
The Immigration and Asylum Act = 35
The Rights of disabled people = 35
Human rights in the Overseas Territories = 36
The British Hajj Delegation to Mecca = 36
The Crown Dependencies = 37
Forced marriages = 37
Chapter Three: HUMAN RIGHTS AND MULTILATERAL ACTION = 38
Human rights resolutions = 38
3.1 The 56th UN Commission on Human Rights = 39
Human rights defenders = 40
Indigenous issues = 40
3.2 UN General Assembly = 41
Working for better co operation with international mechanisms = 41
3.3 Other UN human rights bodies = 42
Monitoring international obligations = 42
The International Labour Organisation = 42
3.4 The UN High Commissioner for Human Rights = 43
3.5 The Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe = 43
OSCE Gender Adviser = 44
OSCE mission in Kosovo = 44
OSCE High Commissioner on National Minorities = 45
OSCE Review Conference = 45
OSCE Summit, Istanbul = 45
Seminars and supplementary meetings = 45
3.6 The Council of Europe = 46
The European Court of Human Rights = 46
Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights = 46
3.7 Human Rights and the EU = 46
Africa - Europe Summit = 47
EU Annual Human Rights Report =48
EU-NGO Human Rights Forum = 48
EU lobbying in Belarus = 48
EU support for human rights and democratisation = 49
EU Centre Against Racism and Xenophobia = 49
EU Charter of Rights = 49
3.8 Commonwealth = 49
Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting = 49
Cameroon = 50
Commonwealth Ministerial Action Group = 50
Commonwealth Human Rights Fund = 51
Chapter Four: HUMAN RIGHTS AND CONFLICT = 52
4.1 Protecting the victims of war =52
4.2 International humanitarian law = 52
4.3 Tackling the culture of impunity = 53
4.4 Refugees = 54
Afghanistan = 55
Russian Republic of Chechnya = 56
Colombia = 58
4.5 Conflict prevention = 58
4.6 Arms export controls = 60
National policy = 60
Indonesia: the EU arms embargo = 60
International developments = 61
Small arms = 61
Anti-personnel mines = 62
4.7 Security sector reform = 62
Defence Diplomacy = 62
Assistance to Support Stability with In-Service Training (ASSIST) = 63
4.8 Business and conflict = 64
Conflict diamonds = 65
4.9 Humanitarian intervention = 66
4.10 Sanctions = 66
Angola = 66
Burundi: The Arusha Peace Process = 67
4.11 Lobbying for peace = 67
Democratic Republic of Congo = 68
Kashmir = 69
The conflict between Ethiopia and Eritrea = 69
4.12 Peace Support Operations = 70
4.13 Post-conflict reconstruction = 70
Kosovo = 71
Chapter Five: HUMAN RIGHTS, ECONOMY AND SOCIETY = 72
5.1 Globalisation and economic and social rights = 73
5.2 Foreign direct investment and debt = 73
5.3 The international financial institutions = 74
5.4 The World Trade Organisation and the growth in world trade = 74
Trade vs. labour standards? = 74
5.5 Export credits and human rights = 75
Export credits and defence sales = 76
5.6 EU trade agreements with third party countries = 76
The Cotonou Agreement = 77
5.7 Supporting corporate citizenship = 77
Working in partnership with British business = 78
5.8 Labour rights = 79
Slavery and bonded labour = 79
Sudan abductions = 80
Trafficking in women = 80
5.9 Economic and social rights of women = 81
The “Beijing Plus Five” UN Special Session on Women = 81
5.10 The rights of disabled people = 82
5.11 HIV/AIDS = 83
Chapter Six: HUMAN RIGHTS AND JUSTICE = 84
Lockerbie: securing justice for the victims of terrorism = 84
6.1 Judicial reform = 85
Judicial reform in Latin America = 86
6.2 Fair trials = 86
China: legal co-operation = 87
Ethiopia = 88
6.3 Torture = 88
Turkey = 90
New controls on the export of handcuffs = 90
6.4 Arbitrary detention = 90
6.5 Human rights defenders = 91
Cambodia = 92
The Special Rapporteur on the Independence of Judges = 92
6.6 National human rights institutions = 92
Peru: overcoming the consequences of terrorism = 93
6.7 Police forces = 94
Assistance to Support Stability with In-Service Training (ASSIST) = 94
Policing in India = 95
Brazil: human rights and justice = 96
Albania: assistance to police = 97
6.8 Violence against women = 96
6.9 Prisons = 98
Mongolia = 99
6.10 Death penalty = 100
EU Guidelines for action on the death penalty = 100
Death penalty in the USA = 101
Death penalty in China = 102
Judicial co-operation in the Caribbean = 102
Chapter Seven: HUMAN RIGHTS, DEMOCRACY AND DIVERSITY = 103
7.1 Democracy and human rights = 103
The attempted coup in Fiji = 104
Conference on Good Governance in Africa = 105
Towards a Community of Democracies = 106
Pakistan = 107
7.2 Elections = 104
Election Observation = 106
7.3 Promoting political equality = 107
7.4 Political choice = 108
UK participation in election observation = 109
Russia: Presidential succession and elections = 110
Bosnia and Herzegovina = 112
7.5 Freedom of opinion and expression = 112
Algeria = 114
Cuba = 114
Morocco = 115
BBC World Service = 116
Angola = 118
7.6 Religion = 117
Religious minorities in Iran = 119
Saudi Arabia = 120
7.7 Tolerance and Diversity = 119
FCO secondment to Minority Rights Group = 122
Estonia and Latvia: language discrimination = 122
Human rights in Central Asia = 123
Chapter Eight: RIGHTS OF THE CHILD = 124
United Nations General Assembly Special Session in 2001 = 124
Kenya = 125
8.1 Child sexual exploitation = 125
First Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography = 125
8.2 Children in armed conflict = 126
Kosovo pen-pals scheme = 126
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the involvement of children in armed conflict = 127
8.3 Child Labour = 128
8.4 The Plight of the most vulnerable children = 128
Thailand = 129
The Philippines = 130
10th Anniversary of the Convention on the Rights of the Child = 131
Annex 1: KEY SPEECHES = 132
Annex 2: FUNDING = 140
Annex 3: TRAINING = 143
Annex 4: GUIDE TO KEY MULTILATERAL ORGANISATIONS = 144
Annex 5: CHART OF RATIFICATION OF UN HUMAN RIGHTS INSTRUMENTS = 154
Annex 6: FURTHER SOURCES OF HUMAN RIGHTS INFORMATION = 159
Glossary = 164
Index =166