Articles = 1
1. Definition of the child = 1
Starting point of childhood = 3
The end of childhood = 4
Defining minimum ages in legislation = 6
Implementation checklist = 15
2. Non-discrimination = 19
Definition of discrimination = 21
Active implementation of non-discrimination = 22
All children in jurisdiction = 26
Grounds for discrimination = 28
Legitimate forms of discrimination = 30
Gender discrimination = 31
Discrimination on basis of status of parents, etc. (article 2(2)) = 35
Implementation checklist = 36
3. Best interests of the child = 39
Best interests = 42
"Child impact" in government = 43
States' duty of care (article 3(2)) = 46
Standards for institutions, services, facilities (article 3(3)) = 47
Implementation checklist = 49
4. Implementation of rights in the Convention = 53
General measures of implementation = 56
Maximum extent of available resources = 57
All appropriate legislative measures = 63
Administrative and other measures = 67
International cooperation = 79
Implementation checklist = 82
5. Parental guidance and the child's evolving capacities = 85
Responsibilities of parents = 86
Definition of "family" = 87
Child as a subject of rights and evolving capacity = 89
Preparation for parenthood = 92
Implementation checklist = 93
6. Child's right to life and maxilmum survival and development = 95
The right to life = 97
Early marriage = 98
The death penalty = 99
Armed conflict = 99
Homicide = 100
Infanticide = 100
Honour killings = 102
Suicide = 102
Traffic accidents = 103
Investigation and registration of death = 103
Survival and development = 103
Implementation checklist = 105
7. Birth registration, name, nationality and right to know and be cared for by parents = 107
The importance of universal registration = 108
When and how children should be registered = 111
What details should be registered = 112
Right to a name = 113
Right to acquire a nationality = 114
Right, as far as possible, to know his or her parents = 116
Meaning of "parent" = 116
Meaning of "as far as possible" = 1117
Right, as far as possible, to be cared for by parents = 119
Implementation checklist = 120
8. Preservation of indentity = 123
Child's right to preserve indentity = 124
Nationality = 124
Name = 124
Family relations = 125
"Preserving" identity = 126
State assistance to speedily re-establish identity = 126
Implementation checklist = 128
9. Separation from parents = 131
Child's right not to be separated except when necessary for best interests = 133
Children in state care = 133
Children living or working on the streets = 135
Children in hospital = 135
Parents in prisons = 135
Child offenders = 135
Immigration and deportation = 136
Armed conflict = 136
Traditions or customs = 137
Decision-making about separation = 137
To be taken by competent authorities = 137
To be subject to judicial review = 137
To be in accordance with domestic law = 138
All parties to be heard in proceedings = 138
Child's right to maintain contact with both parents = 139
Information about parents or children separated by an action of the State = 140
Protection of those seeking information about separated family member = 140
Implementation checklist = 141
10. Entering or leaving countries for family reunification = 145
Applications for family reunification-to be dealt with = 147
In a positive manner = 147
In a humane manner = 148
In an expeditious manner = 148
Child's right to maintain contact with parents residing in different states = 150
Right to leave any country = 150
Right to enter own country = 150
Implementation checklist = 151
11. Ilicit transfer and non-return of children abroad = 153
Measures to combat illicit transfer and non-return = 154
Implementation checklist = 157
12. Respect for the view of the child = 159
The child as a subject of rights = 161
The child "capable of forming views" = 164
Administrative and judicial proceedings: article 12(2) = 165
Strategies for implementing participation rights = 166
Implementation in different settings = 169
Implementation checklist = 181
13. Child's right to freedom of expression = 185
Restrictions on child's right = 188
Implementation checklist = 191
14. Child's right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion = 193
Freedom of thought = 195
Freedom of conscience = 195
Freedom of religion = 196
Parental direction = 198
Schooling and freedom of religion = 201
Limitations on manifestations of religion = 201
Discrimination on grounds of religion = 202
Implementation checklist = 203
15. Child's right to freedom of association and peaceful assembly = 205
Freedom of association = 206
Peaceful assembly = 209
Restrictions on child's right = 209
Implementation checklist = 211
16. Child's right to privacy = 213
No arbitrary interference = 214
Confidential advice for children = 215
Privacy in institutions = 217
Privacy in juvenile justice and other proceedings = 217
Files on children = 218
"Family", "home" and "correspondence" = 219
Unlawful attacks on honour and reputation = 220
Implementation checklist = 222
17. Child's access to appropriate information = 227
Function of mass media = 229
Information from diversity of Sources = 231
Children's books = 235
Linguistic needs of Minorities = 235
Guidelines for protection from injurious information = 236
Privacy and the media = 237
Implementation checklist = 239
18. Parents' joint responsibilities, assisted by the state = 243
Parents' primary responsibility = 245
Child's best interests will be parents' basic concern = 246
Parent education = 246
Both parents' common responsibilities = 247
Single-parent families = 247
When parents separate = 249
States to provide parents with appropriate assistance = 250
States to ensure institutions, facilities and services for children = 251
Appropriate measures for working parents = 252
Implementation checklist = 254
19. Child's right to protecition from all forms of violence = 257
"All forms of violence" = 260
Protection from corporal punishment = 265
Violence in institutions = 269
Protective and preventive measures: article 19(2) = 271
Implementation checklist = 276
20. Children deprived of their family environment = 279
"Family environment" = 281
Right to special protection and assistance = 281
Alternative care, including foster care = 283
Institutional care = 284
Deprivation of liberty = 286
Disabled children = 286
Children who live or work on the streets = 287
Continuity of upbringing in alternative care = 288
Implementation checklist = 290
21. Adoption = 293
States which recognize and／or permit adoption = 295
Child's best interests the paramount consideration = 296
Adoption authorized only by competent authorities in accordance with law = 297
Necessary permissions and consents for adoption = 297
The child's views = 298
Intercountry adoption under certain conditions = 298
Only if child cannot be cared for in his or her country = 299
Equivalent standards to national adoption = 299
No improper financial gain = 300
International agreements and arrangements on adoption placement = 300
Implementation checklist = 301
22. Refugee children = 305
Law on refugee status = 307
Children seeking refugee status = 308
Right to protection and assistance = 309
Detention of Children = 309
States' cooperation with intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations = 310
Tracing family members = 310
Protection of children whose family members cannot be found = 312
Implementation checklist = 315
23. Rights of disabled children = 319
General Discussio day of Committee on children with disabilities = 322
Background to the Standard Rules = 324
Definitions of "disability" and "handicap" = 326
Monitoring the Standard Rules = 326
Causes of disability = 327
Disabled children and inclusive education = 337
Health care = 338
Preparation for employment = 338
Recreation = 339
International cooperation = 339
Implementation checklist = 340
24. Child's right to health and health services = 343
International Bill of Human Rights = 347
Declaration on primary health care = 347
World Summit goals = 348
Progressive implementation of health rights = 349
Discrimination issues = 350
Participation in relation to health rights = 352
Reducing infant and child mortality = 352
Necessary assistance and Health care= 353
Combating disease and malnutrition = 354
Appropriate care for mothers = 356
Health education and promotion = 356
Breastfeeding = 356
Accident prevention = 357
HIV/AIDS = 359
Preventive health care = 361
Immunization = 361
Family planning = 362
Mental health = 364
Abolishing harmful traditional practices = 365
International cooperation = 368
Implementation checklist = 369
25. Child's right to periodic review of treatment = 373
Placements for care, protection or treatment = 375
Periodic review = 376
Implementation checklist = 377
26. Child's right to benefit from social security = 379
Child's right to benefit from social security = 380
Duty to realize this right in accordance with national law = 383
Taking account of child's and parents' resources and circumstances = 384
Applications made by and on behalf of the Child = 384
Implementation checklist = 386
27. Child's right to an adequate standard of living = 389
Standard of living adequate for physical, mental, spiritual, moral and social development = 392
Parents' primary responsibility = 392
States' duty qualified by national conditions and means = 393
Nutrition = 396
Housing = 397
Child's right to maintenance (article 27(4)) = 399
Recovery of Maintenance from abroad = 400
Implementation checklist = 401
28. Child's right to education = 405
Definition of education = 410
Education rights to be achieved progressively = 410
Education on the basis of equal opportunity = 411
Girls = 412
Rural children = 414
Minority groups = 414
Disabled children = 415
Children in forms of detention = 416
Compulsory and free primary education = 416
Development of different forms of secondary education available to all = 417
Higher education available to all on basis of capacity = 420
Vocational information available to all = 420
Measures to reduce education drop-put rates = 420
School discipline = 424
Promotion of international cooperation = 426
Implementation checklist = 427
29. The aims of education = 431
Committee's General Comment 1 = 434
International agreement on aims = 438
developing child to his or her fullest potential = 438
developing respect for human rights and freedoms = 439
developing respect for the child's parents = 439
developing respect for all cultural and national values = 443
The preparation of the child for responsible life in a free society = 443
developing tolerance and friendship among peoples = 445
Equality of sexes = 446
Peace = 447
Respect for the natural environment = 44
Freedom to establish private schools which conform with the Convention = 448
Implemention checklist = 450
30. Children of minorities or of indigenous people = 453
Child's right to enjoy his or her culture = 457
Child's right to practise his or her religion = 459
Child's right to use his or her language = 459
Implemenation checklist = 479
31. Child's right to leisure, recreation and culture = 465
Child's right to rest and leisure = 467
Child's right to play and recreation = 468
Child's right to participate in cultural and artistic life = 470
Stat's duty to promote children's opportunities = 471
Equal opportunities = 471
Implementation checklist = 473
32. Child labour = 475
International instruments and child labour = 477
The International Labour Organization = 478
ILO Minimum age Convention No. 138 = 478
ILO Worst Forms of child Labour Convention = 479
ILO Recommendation on the Worst Forms of child Labour = 480
Right to protection from economic exploitation = 486
Minimum ages for admission to employment = 488
Work and education = 489
Regulationl of hours and conditions = 489
Enforcement = 490
Implementation checklist = 491
33. Children and drug abuse = 495
Threat to Children = 497
Understanding drug misuse = 498
Legislative and administrative measures = 500
Social and educational measures = 501
Implementation checklist = 502
34. Sexual exploitation of children = 505
Groups particularly vulnerable to exploitation = 511
Legislative measures = 513
Age of consent = 513
Sex tourism = 514
Other measures = 515
Other international instruments = 517
Implementation checklist = 518
35. Prevention of abducation, sale and trafficking = 521
Trafficking and child labour = 524
Trafficking and adoption = 525
Trafficking and sexual exploitation = 526
Trafficking and organ transplants = 527
Trafficking and armed conflict = 527
Victims, not criminals = 528
Implementation checklist = 529
36. Protection from other forms of exploitation = 533
Examples of other forms: gifted children: the media: research = 535
Implementation checklist = 536
37. Torture, degrading treatment and deprivation of liberty = 539
UN rules and guidelines on juvenile justice = 543
Torture = 543
Corporal punishment = 546
Solitary confinement and deprivation of Iiberty = 547
Death penalty: life imprisonment = 547
Deprivation of liberty = 549
Arrest, pre-trial detention = 550
Imprisonment = 551
Detention outside juvenile justice system = 552
Treatment when deprived of liberty = 553
Separation from adults = 553
Contact with family = 554
Legal safeguards = 555
Implementation checklist = 557
38. Protection of children affected by armed conflict = 563
Geneva Conventions and Additional Protocols = 566
Committee's General Discussion on Children in armed conflicts = 568
Study on "impact of armed conflict on children" = 570
Recruitment of under-18-year-olds = 572
Optional Protocol on the involvement of children in armed conflict = 574
Implementation checklist = 577
39. Rehabilitation of child victims = 579
Victims of neglect, explotation or abuse = 581
Econonmic exploitation = 583
Children involved with juvenile justice system = 584
Victims of torture, inhuman or degrading treatment = 585
Implementation checklist = 587
40. Administration of juvenile justice = 589
United Nations rules and guidelines on juvenile justice = 592
General concerns of the Committee = 593
Non-discrimination = 595
Best interests = 595
Participation = 595
Effect of public opinion = 596
Training = 596
Prevention of offending = 597
Positive aims of juvenile justice = 597
Legal safeguards = 597
Need for a distinct system of juvenile justice = 601
Ago of criminal responsibility = 601
Avoiding resort to judicial proceedings = 603
Variety of dispositions = 604
Implementation checklist = 605
41. Respect for existing human rights standards = 609
Implementation checklist = 610
42. Making the Convention widely known = 611
A comprehensive strategy for dissemination = 613
Training concerning Convention = 615
Information on training requested by Committee = 614
Implementation checklist = 617
43. The Committee on the Rights of the Child = 619
Membership and elections = 621
Meetings = 622
Documentation = 623
44. Reporting obligations of States Parties = 625
Initial Reports and Periodic Reports = 628
Committee's overview of the reporting process = 630
Making reports widely available = 635
Implementation checklist (article 44(6)) = 635
45. Cooperation with United Nations agencies and other bodies = 637
46-54. Miscellaneous provisions concerning Convention = 639
Appendices = 654
1. Definition of the child = 1
Starting point of childhood = 3
The end of childhood = 4
Defining minimum ages in legislation = 6
Implementation checklist = 15
2. Non-discrimination = 19
Definition of discrimination = 21
Active implementation of non-discrimination = 22
All children in jurisdiction = 26
Grounds for discrimination = 28
Legitimate forms of discrimination = 30
Gender discrimination = 31
Discrimination on basis of status of parents, etc. (article 2(2)) = 35
Implementation checklist = 36
3. Best interests of the child = 39
Best interests = 42
"Child impact" in government = 43
States' duty of care (article 3(2)) = 46
Standards for institutions, services, facilities (article 3(3)) = 47
Implementation checklist = 49
4. Implementation of rights in the Convention = 53
General measures of implementation = 56
Maximum extent of available resources = 57
All appropriate legislative measures = 63
Administrative and other measures = 67
International cooperation = 79
Implementation checklist = 82
5. Parental guidance and the child's evolving capacities = 85
Responsibilities of parents = 86
Definition of "family" = 87
Child as a subject of rights and evolving capacity = 89
Preparation for parenthood = 92
Implementation checklist = 93
6. Child's right to life and maxilmum survival and development = 95
The right to life = 97
Early marriage = 98
The death penalty = 99
Armed conflict = 99
Homicide = 100
Infanticide = 100
Honour killings = 102
Suicide = 102
Traffic accidents = 103
Investigation and registration of death = 103
Survival and development = 103
Implementation checklist = 105
7. Birth registration, name, nationality and right to know and be cared for by parents = 107
The importance of universal registration = 108
When and how children should be registered = 111
What details should be registered = 112
Right to a name = 113
Right to acquire a nationality = 114
Right, as far as possible, to know his or her parents = 116
Meaning of "parent" = 116
Meaning of "as far as possible" = 1117
Right, as far as possible, to be cared for by parents = 119
Implementation checklist = 120
8. Preservation of indentity = 123
Child's right to preserve indentity = 124
Nationality = 124
Name = 124
Family relations = 125
"Preserving" identity = 126
State assistance to speedily re-establish identity = 126
Implementation checklist = 128
9. Separation from parents = 131
Child's right not to be separated except when necessary for best interests = 133
Children in state care = 133
Children living or working on the streets = 135
Children in hospital = 135
Parents in prisons = 135
Child offenders = 135
Immigration and deportation = 136
Armed conflict = 136
Traditions or customs = 137
Decision-making about separation = 137
To be taken by competent authorities = 137
To be subject to judicial review = 137
To be in accordance with domestic law = 138
All parties to be heard in proceedings = 138
Child's right to maintain contact with both parents = 139
Information about parents or children separated by an action of the State = 140
Protection of those seeking information about separated family member = 140
Implementation checklist = 141
10. Entering or leaving countries for family reunification = 145
Applications for family reunification-to be dealt with = 147
In a positive manner = 147
In a humane manner = 148
In an expeditious manner = 148
Child's right to maintain contact with parents residing in different states = 150
Right to leave any country = 150
Right to enter own country = 150
Implementation checklist = 151
11. Ilicit transfer and non-return of children abroad = 153
Measures to combat illicit transfer and non-return = 154
Implementation checklist = 157
12. Respect for the view of the child = 159
The child as a subject of rights = 161
The child "capable of forming views" = 164
Administrative and judicial proceedings: article 12(2) = 165
Strategies for implementing participation rights = 166
Implementation in different settings = 169
Implementation checklist = 181
13. Child's right to freedom of expression = 185
Restrictions on child's right = 188
Implementation checklist = 191
14. Child's right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion = 193
Freedom of thought = 195
Freedom of conscience = 195
Freedom of religion = 196
Parental direction = 198
Schooling and freedom of religion = 201
Limitations on manifestations of religion = 201
Discrimination on grounds of religion = 202
Implementation checklist = 203
15. Child's right to freedom of association and peaceful assembly = 205
Freedom of association = 206
Peaceful assembly = 209
Restrictions on child's right = 209
Implementation checklist = 211
16. Child's right to privacy = 213
No arbitrary interference = 214
Confidential advice for children = 215
Privacy in institutions = 217
Privacy in juvenile justice and other proceedings = 217
Files on children = 218
"Family", "home" and "correspondence" = 219
Unlawful attacks on honour and reputation = 220
Implementation checklist = 222
17. Child's access to appropriate information = 227
Function of mass media = 229
Information from diversity of Sources = 231
Children's books = 235
Linguistic needs of Minorities = 235
Guidelines for protection from injurious information = 236
Privacy and the media = 237
Implementation checklist = 239
18. Parents' joint responsibilities, assisted by the state = 243
Parents' primary responsibility = 245
Child's best interests will be parents' basic concern = 246
Parent education = 246
Both parents' common responsibilities = 247
Single-parent families = 247
When parents separate = 249
States to provide parents with appropriate assistance = 250
States to ensure institutions, facilities and services for children = 251
Appropriate measures for working parents = 252
Implementation checklist = 254
19. Child's right to protecition from all forms of violence = 257
"All forms of violence" = 260
Protection from corporal punishment = 265
Violence in institutions = 269
Protective and preventive measures: article 19(2) = 271
Implementation checklist = 276
20. Children deprived of their family environment = 279
"Family environment" = 281
Right to special protection and assistance = 281
Alternative care, including foster care = 283
Institutional care = 284
Deprivation of liberty = 286
Disabled children = 286
Children who live or work on the streets = 287
Continuity of upbringing in alternative care = 288
Implementation checklist = 290
21. Adoption = 293
States which recognize and／or permit adoption = 295
Child's best interests the paramount consideration = 296
Adoption authorized only by competent authorities in accordance with law = 297
Necessary permissions and consents for adoption = 297
The child's views = 298
Intercountry adoption under certain conditions = 298
Only if child cannot be cared for in his or her country = 299
Equivalent standards to national adoption = 299
No improper financial gain = 300
International agreements and arrangements on adoption placement = 300
Implementation checklist = 301
22. Refugee children = 305
Law on refugee status = 307
Children seeking refugee status = 308
Right to protection and assistance = 309
Detention of Children = 309
States' cooperation with intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations = 310
Tracing family members = 310
Protection of children whose family members cannot be found = 312
Implementation checklist = 315
23. Rights of disabled children = 319
General Discussio day of Committee on children with disabilities = 322
Background to the Standard Rules = 324
Definitions of "disability" and "handicap" = 326
Monitoring the Standard Rules = 326
Causes of disability = 327
Disabled children and inclusive education = 337
Health care = 338
Preparation for employment = 338
Recreation = 339
International cooperation = 339
Implementation checklist = 340
24. Child's right to health and health services = 343
International Bill of Human Rights = 347
Declaration on primary health care = 347
World Summit goals = 348
Progressive implementation of health rights = 349
Discrimination issues = 350
Participation in relation to health rights = 352
Reducing infant and child mortality = 352
Necessary assistance and Health care= 353
Combating disease and malnutrition = 354
Appropriate care for mothers = 356
Health education and promotion = 356
Breastfeeding = 356
Accident prevention = 357
HIV/AIDS = 359
Preventive health care = 361
Immunization = 361
Family planning = 362
Mental health = 364
Abolishing harmful traditional practices = 365
International cooperation = 368
Implementation checklist = 369
25. Child's right to periodic review of treatment = 373
Placements for care, protection or treatment = 375
Periodic review = 376
Implementation checklist = 377
26. Child's right to benefit from social security = 379
Child's right to benefit from social security = 380
Duty to realize this right in accordance with national law = 383
Taking account of child's and parents' resources and circumstances = 384
Applications made by and on behalf of the Child = 384
Implementation checklist = 386
27. Child's right to an adequate standard of living = 389
Standard of living adequate for physical, mental, spiritual, moral and social development = 392
Parents' primary responsibility = 392
States' duty qualified by national conditions and means = 393
Nutrition = 396
Housing = 397
Child's right to maintenance (article 27(4)) = 399
Recovery of Maintenance from abroad = 400
Implementation checklist = 401
28. Child's right to education = 405
Definition of education = 410
Education rights to be achieved progressively = 410
Education on the basis of equal opportunity = 411
Girls = 412
Rural children = 414
Minority groups = 414
Disabled children = 415
Children in forms of detention = 416
Compulsory and free primary education = 416
Development of different forms of secondary education available to all = 417
Higher education available to all on basis of capacity = 420
Vocational information available to all = 420
Measures to reduce education drop-put rates = 420
School discipline = 424
Promotion of international cooperation = 426
Implementation checklist = 427
29. The aims of education = 431
Committee's General Comment 1 = 434
International agreement on aims = 438
developing child to his or her fullest potential = 438
developing respect for human rights and freedoms = 439
developing respect for the child's parents = 439
developing respect for all cultural and national values = 443
The preparation of the child for responsible life in a free society = 443
developing tolerance and friendship among peoples = 445
Equality of sexes = 446
Peace = 447
Respect for the natural environment = 44
Freedom to establish private schools which conform with the Convention = 448
Implemention checklist = 450
30. Children of minorities or of indigenous people = 453
Child's right to enjoy his or her culture = 457
Child's right to practise his or her religion = 459
Child's right to use his or her language = 459
Implemenation checklist = 479
31. Child's right to leisure, recreation and culture = 465
Child's right to rest and leisure = 467
Child's right to play and recreation = 468
Child's right to participate in cultural and artistic life = 470
Stat's duty to promote children's opportunities = 471
Equal opportunities = 471
Implementation checklist = 473
32. Child labour = 475
International instruments and child labour = 477
The International Labour Organization = 478
ILO Minimum age Convention No. 138 = 478
ILO Worst Forms of child Labour Convention = 479
ILO Recommendation on the Worst Forms of child Labour = 480
Right to protection from economic exploitation = 486
Minimum ages for admission to employment = 488
Work and education = 489
Regulationl of hours and conditions = 489
Enforcement = 490
Implementation checklist = 491
33. Children and drug abuse = 495
Threat to Children = 497
Understanding drug misuse = 498
Legislative and administrative measures = 500
Social and educational measures = 501
Implementation checklist = 502
34. Sexual exploitation of children = 505
Groups particularly vulnerable to exploitation = 511
Legislative measures = 513
Age of consent = 513
Sex tourism = 514
Other measures = 515
Other international instruments = 517
Implementation checklist = 518
35. Prevention of abducation, sale and trafficking = 521
Trafficking and child labour = 524
Trafficking and adoption = 525
Trafficking and sexual exploitation = 526
Trafficking and organ transplants = 527
Trafficking and armed conflict = 527
Victims, not criminals = 528
Implementation checklist = 529
36. Protection from other forms of exploitation = 533
Examples of other forms: gifted children: the media: research = 535
Implementation checklist = 536
37. Torture, degrading treatment and deprivation of liberty = 539
UN rules and guidelines on juvenile justice = 543
Torture = 543
Corporal punishment = 546
Solitary confinement and deprivation of Iiberty = 547
Death penalty: life imprisonment = 547
Deprivation of liberty = 549
Arrest, pre-trial detention = 550
Imprisonment = 551
Detention outside juvenile justice system = 552
Treatment when deprived of liberty = 553
Separation from adults = 553
Contact with family = 554
Legal safeguards = 555
Implementation checklist = 557
38. Protection of children affected by armed conflict = 563
Geneva Conventions and Additional Protocols = 566
Committee's General Discussion on Children in armed conflicts = 568
Study on "impact of armed conflict on children" = 570
Recruitment of under-18-year-olds = 572
Optional Protocol on the involvement of children in armed conflict = 574
Implementation checklist = 577
39. Rehabilitation of child victims = 579
Victims of neglect, explotation or abuse = 581
Econonmic exploitation = 583
Children involved with juvenile justice system = 584
Victims of torture, inhuman or degrading treatment = 585
Implementation checklist = 587
40. Administration of juvenile justice = 589
United Nations rules and guidelines on juvenile justice = 592
General concerns of the Committee = 593
Non-discrimination = 595
Best interests = 595
Participation = 595
Effect of public opinion = 596
Training = 596
Prevention of offending = 597
Positive aims of juvenile justice = 597
Legal safeguards = 597
Need for a distinct system of juvenile justice = 601
Ago of criminal responsibility = 601
Avoiding resort to judicial proceedings = 603
Variety of dispositions = 604
Implementation checklist = 605
41. Respect for existing human rights standards = 609
Implementation checklist = 610
42. Making the Convention widely known = 611
A comprehensive strategy for dissemination = 613
Training concerning Convention = 615
Information on training requested by Committee = 614
Implementation checklist = 617
43. The Committee on the Rights of the Child = 619
Membership and elections = 621
Meetings = 622
Documentation = 623
44. Reporting obligations of States Parties = 625
Initial Reports and Periodic Reports = 628
Committee's overview of the reporting process = 630
Making reports widely available = 635
Implementation checklist (article 44(6)) = 635
45. Cooperation with United Nations agencies and other bodies = 637
46-54. Miscellaneous provisions concerning Convention = 639
Appendices = 654